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👉 The sitar is a plucked string instrument from the classical Hindustani tradition (North India), known for its captivating sounds and rich ornamentation.
It is used in classical music, often associated with masters like Ravi Shankar or Vilayat Khan.
📋 Information sheet
Element
Detail
🪕 Instrument type
Plucked string instrument (long lute with fretted neck). Ravi Shankar style (Kharaj Pancham).
📏 Total length
Approximately 120 cm
🪵 Wood
Typically teak, tun ( Cedrela toona ) or rosewood
🎵 Strings
Between 18 and 21 strings: 6 or 7 main strings + 11 to 13 sympathetic strings
📯 Resonators
2 gourds: a main one under the handle + sometimes a second one at the top
🧩 Frettes
Made of metal, mobile, in the shape of an arc, tied with silk or cotton thread
🎶 Tuning
Variable depending on the raga; sympathetic strings tuned to the notes of the mode used
🎼 Gameplay technique
Use of the mizrab (a metal finger pick); pulling the strings for the meend (slides), expressive ornamentation
🎨 Aesthetics
Sculptures and inlays (bone, synthetic ivory or mother-of-pearl). Head often decorated with a floral motif, lotus leaf or peacock.
📚 Types of sitar
Ravi Shankar style (Kharaj Pancham) : 7 main strings, deep and rich sound. Vilayat Khan style (Gandhar Pancham) : 6 main strings, clear and bright sound ( gayaki ang vocal style).
🔈 Sound
Rich in harmonics thanks to the sympathetic strings; vibrant drone; expressiveness in slides and ornamentation; suitable for slow ragas (alap) as well as fast passages ( jhala ).
🧘♂️ Usage
Hindustani classical music; fusion (psychedelic rock, jazz, world music); meditation, yoga, experimental sound art.
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